与伤春拔河:余光中的时间意识研究

Tug-of-War with Lamentations of Spring:A Study of Yu Kwang-chung's Time Consciousness

中国文学的时间观,在中唐以前,以秋天最为重要,即所谓"悲秋";到了中唐以后,春天取代了秋天,成为词的最常见季节,其中又以"伤春"和"惜春"最受重视。文学家都不想春天那么快就完结,因为进入苦热的夏季,会影响写作心情。余光中的时间观与中国古典文学略有不同,他也有因为春天而感伤的诗,但常常伴随初升旭日出现。另外,夏天于他十分重要,特别是咏莲花的诗,其中部分带有佛教色彩。余光中不伤春,但春分和太阳对他十分重要,旭日和落日,以"日想观"来说,夕阳有特殊意义;"日想观"之外,莲花的想象,也有佛教的因素。因为情钟夏天盛开的莲花,故前期的想象力侧重夏天,但歌颂盛夏并非余氏想象力的全部,因为香港时期他也有悲秋的诗。

Before the mid-Tang period, autumn was the most important season in the time consciousness of Chinese literature, that is the ＂lamentations of autumn＂. From mid - Tang onwards, spring replaced autumn as the most pertinent season in the ci genre. ＂ Lamentations of spring＂ and ＂cherishing spring＂ became the two most valued themes：the literati did not want spring to end so soon, as the scorching hot summer was not conducive to literary pursuits. Yu Kwang - chung＇ s time consciousness is slightly dif- ferent from that of classical Chinese literature. Some of his poems are also lamentations of spring, but they are often accompanied with the rising sun. On the other hand,summer takes a strong presence in his poems ,especially those about the lotus,which may also have Buddhist overtones.