肺感染病原菌的变迁及实验诊断

Lung Infection Pathogen Changes and Experimental Diagnosis

肺部感染病原菌的变迁。自60年代革兰氏阳性球菌居首,到80年代至今的阴性杆菌上升为主。我院200例肺感染病人痰标本分离出来的66例致病菌鉴定结果,其中阴性杆菌占80.3％,阳性球菌占10.6％,真菌占9.1％,与文献报告资料一致。但是目前传统的细菌学检测及标本采样方法、手段使病原菌分离阳性率不高;又由于肺感染新的致病菌(病原体)不断出现,给实验诊断增加了新困难。因此,改进细菌学的检测,注意正确采集病人的标本是提高肺感染病原菌分离阳性率的关键。

The main lung infection pathogens vary from gram-positive cocci in 1960's to gram-negative bacilli in 1980's and 1990's. We identified 66 kinds of pathogens separated from the sputum specimen of 200 cases of lung infection. The results are as follows; 80. 3% of the pathogens being gram -negative bacilli, 10. 6% being gram - positive cocci and 9.1% being fungi. These findings consist with the records of the medical literature. But the present low positive rate of pathogens separated with traditional bacteriological detection and specimen sampling and continuous appearance of new lung infection pathogens add more difficulties to the experimental diagnosis. Therefore > improving bacteriological detection and correctly collecting patients' sputum specimen are crucial for the rise of positive rate of the separated pathogens.