黄土高原北部窑洞民居建筑的变迁与保护研究

VARIATION AND CONSERVATION OF CAVE DWELLING ARCHITECTURE IN NORTH OF LOESS PLATEAU

以位于黄土高原北部的小山村党家山为例,探讨其窑洞民居建筑的变迁,包括建筑材料的变迁、建筑形式的变迁、结构与功能的变迁等,这种变迁是黄土高原北部山区窑洞民居建筑变迁的一个缩影,不仅历史地记录了民居建筑的变迁,而且真实地反映了社会、经济、文化的变迁。在研究窑洞民居建筑变迁的基础上,进一步从生态价值、历史价值、文化价值、工程价值、美学价值等方面探讨其保护的价值,并从唤醒保护意识、编制保护规划、制定保护措施、推广实用技术、发展旅游经济等方面探讨其保护的途径。

Faking Dangjiashan, the small mountain village in the north of loess plateau, as a case, the variation and conservation of cave dwelling architecture are discussed. The variation of the cave dwelling architecture includes at least three aspects, such as construction material, architecture style, and the structure and function of the cave dwelling architecture. The characteristics of the variations are summarized from Dangjiashan village, but represent all the mountain villages with Cave Dwelling architecture in Northern Loess Plateau. Furthermore, the variations are not only for Cave Dwelling architecture, but also manifest the variations of society, economy, and culture. Based on the research of the variation, the conservation values and protection approaches of cave dwelling architecture are discussed in the third part. The conservation values of cave dwelling architecture include ecological value, historical value, cultural value, engineering value, and esthetical value. The conservation approaches of cave dwelling architecture include awaking conservation consciousness, compiling conservation planning, constituting conservation measures, implementing applicable technology, and developing tourism economy.