董仲舒“天人思想”新探

On Dong Zhongshu's "Idea of the Integration of Humans and Nature"

以核心内容来讲,董仲舒的天人思想是一种非常现实的政治思想,而不能把它看作是神学思想。先秦儒者的"仁义"与"礼",仍然是其政治思想的核心。以"仁"限君,以"礼"齐民,君仁民礼,上下和谐,这就是董仲舒的政治理想。在董仲舒的思想体系中,"屈民而伸君"与"屈君而伸天"是一个问题的两个方面,是同等重要的,不存在主次虚实之分。

In terms of the core content, Dong Zhongshu＇s idea of the integration of humans and nature is a very practical ideology, which cannot be considered theological ideology. The ＇benevolence＂ and ＂rites＂ of the Confucians in the dynasties prior to the Qin dynasty were still the political and ideological core. Dong Zhongshu＇s political ideology is the limitation of the monarch with ＂benevolence＂, the requirement of the people with ＂rites＂, with the monarch being benevolent and the people being courteous to create a harmonious relationship between the superior and the inferior. Within Dong Zhongshu＇s ideological system, ＂the control of the people by way of increashag the power of the monarch＂ and ＂the control of the monarch by way of increasing the power of nature＂ are the two aspects of the same issue, which are equally important and does not entail the distinction of the primary and the secondary as well as the virtual and the real.