财政转移与产业集聚

Fiscal Transfers and Industrial Agglomeration

由于上下级政府之间的财权和事权不一致，导致下级行政区向上级行政区发生财政转移现象。这一现象进一步影响产业的生产区位选择。为了探索财政转移对产业集聚的影响，本文建立了一个2区域2行业2要素的一般均衡空间经济模型，并对本理论模型进行数值模拟。分析结果表明，财政转移打破了2区域的对称均衡，并促使产业稳定地向上级行政区集聚。本文的分析结论从空间经济学角度为国家计划通过“减少行政层级”来缓解城乡发展差距的改革思路提供了有力的佐证。

To understand the relationship between regional administrative hierarchy and industrial agglomeration, we construct a general 2 ＊ 2 ＊ 2 spatial economic model with symmetric structures and endowments and use numerical simulation to gauge the significance of the model. We find that fiscal transfers from lower-level governments to higher-level governments break down the symmetric equilibrium and induce firms to move to cities of higher ad- ministrative levels in the hierarchy. Our findings offer a concrete policy recommendation for government reform, that is, simplifying the administrative hierarchy is a way to correct the unbalance in regional development.