生态脆弱性综合评价方法与应用

Method and Application of Ecological Frangibility Assessment

探讨了生态脆弱性评价的理论与方法,提出将生态脆弱度指数、生态弹性度指数和生态压力度指数作为生态脆弱性评价的基本判定指标,构建了"敏感-弹性-压力"的评价模型,其评价体系包括总目标层、分目标层、准则层和指标层4个层次,形成了综合指数方法、层次分析法和RS/GIS相结合的生态脆弱性评价方法.在方法研究的基础上,以川西滇北农林牧交错带为例,根据区域特征选取17个评价指标进行案例研究,定量评价了该区域生态环境的脆弱程度,分析了生态脆弱度的空间差异和不同区域生态脆弱性的主导成因.评价结果较为客观地反映了该区域生态环境状况,对于生态脆弱区的生态保护、资源利用和可持续发展具有指导意义.

Based on a summary of the exiting theories and methods of ecological frangibility assessment, it was stated that three indexes could be set up as the basic indexes for the ecological frangibility assessment, which are ecological sensitivity index （ESI）, ecological elasticity index （EEl） and ecological pressure index （EPI）. A new assessment method consisting of four hierarchies, including objective level, branch objective level, normal level and index level, was built. With a combination of comprehensive index method, analytic hierarchy process （AHP） and RS/GIS approach, an integrated method of ecological frangibility assessment was proposed. Taking Sichuan-Yunnan farming- pastoral zone as a case, 17 indexes were chosen in accordance with the local conditions, to make the ecological frangibility assessment of this area. The results show the spatial differentiation of the ecological frangibility and the dominant index of frangibility in different region, which can provide scientific evidence for ecological conversation and sustainable development in the study area.