晚清督抚制度与权力制衡

The Imperial Inspector System and Authority System Balance in the late Qing Dynasty

清朝统治者继承并改善了督抚制度,建立了一套较为完善的权力体系,使中央与地方之间保持了200多年的制衡状态。19世纪中叶,由于战争的原因,这种平衡被打破。太平天国运动的爆发,晚清地方督抚彻底掌握了交战各省的军政大权,政令、军令得以统一。这一方面为清朝在战争中获得胜利奠定了基础,另一方面也造成了中央与地方权力的失衡。

The rulers of Qing dynasty took a series of measures to improve the imperial inspector system, and established a better authorities system,which caused a more than 200 years balance between the central and local government： Until mid - 19th century, as a result of the war, this kind of balance was finally broken. With the outbreak of Movement of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the imperial inspector thoroughly grasped military and political power. These finally laid the foundation of the war＇s victory for the Qing dynasty and the balance between the central and local government was broken.