可冲洗气管切开套管预防呼吸机相关肺炎的效果观察

Clinical observation of preventive effect of tracheostomy tubes with evacuation lumen on ventilator-associated pneumonia

目的观察可冲洗气管切开套管在预防呼吸机相关性肺炎中的价值。方法将气管切开行机械通气的110名患者随机分成观察组和对照组，观察组使用可冲洗气管切开套管，对照组使用普通气管切开套管。结果7天后，观察组呼吸机相关性肺炎，X线（CT）检查次数，机械通气及ICU住院时间与对照组相比，差异有显著性意义（P〈0．05）。结论正确使用可冲洗气管切开套管，可减少呼吸机相关性肺炎的发生，缩短机械通气及ICU住院时间，减少X线（CT）检查次数。

Objective To observe the prevention effect of tracheostomy tube with evacuation lumen on ventilator-associated pneumonia （YAP）. Methods Of 110 patients requiring mechanical ventilation for more than 3 days, 53 cases （observation group） treated with tracheostomy tubes with evacuation lumen were compared with the other 57 cases （control group） treated with common tracheostomy tubes in the occurrence rate of VAP, Length of stay in ICU , examination of x-ray（CT scan） and mortality rate. Results The occurrence rate of VAP was 26.4% in observation group, while the rate in control group was 49.1% on the seventh day. Length of stay in ICU and mechanical ventilation time decreased in observation group. Less x-ray examination （CT scan） is needed in observation group. There were statistically significant differences. Conclusion Proper use of tracheostomy tube with evacuation lumen can decrease VAP rate , shorten duration of mechanical ventilation and ICU stay and reduce x-ray examination （CT scan）.