赣油茶25个优良无性系品质评价

Evaluation on quality of twenty-five clones of Camellia oleifera Group Gan

以油茶Camellia oleifera茶油产量、果实经济性状及其脂肪酸组成成分为综合指标,评价了赣油茶各无性系品质,旨在为油茶良种选育及优中选优提供科学依据。采用主成分分析的方法对25个赣无性系的品质进行了比较与优劣排序。研究结果表明:赣油茶各无性系间性状差异明显,达到中等强度的变异;评价油茶品质的11个性状指标中,鲜果含油率、干出籽率、亚油酸、产油量和油酸起决定作用;品质优劣依次为赣石84-8,赣无1,赣无11,赣石83-4,赣抚20,赣无16,赣71,赣石83-1,赣6,赣无24,赣石84-3,赣8,赣兴48,赣55,赣永6,赣兴46,赣68,赣无15,赣70,赣无12,赣无2,赣77024,赣190,赣447,赣永5。

Based on the comprehensive indexes including yield of oil, the economic characters of fruit and its fatty acids composition, 25 clones＇ quality of Camellia oleifera （oil camellia） Group Gan was evaluated, which provided scientific grounds for breeding and selection of superior oil camellia clones. By the principal component analysis, the article compared the quality of the twenty-five clones and ranked their advantages and disadvantages. The results indicated that the differences among the twenty-five clones were significant, which reached medium intensity variation. Of the eleven indexes evaluating the quality of oil camellia, the oil contents in the fresh fruits, the dry seed producing rate, linoleic acid, oleic acid and the oil production played decisive roles. The ranking of the quality of 25 clones from the best to the worst was as follows： Ganshi 84-8, Ganwu 1, Ganwu 11, Ganshi 83-4, Gangfu 20, Ganwu 16, Gan71, Ganshi 83-1, Gan6, Ganwu 24, Ganshi 84-3, Can 8, Ganxing 48, Gan 55, Ganyong 6, Ganxin 46, Gan 68, Ganwu 15, Gan 70, Ganwu 12, Ganwu 2, Gan 77024, Gan 190, Gan 447 and Ganyong 5. [Ch, 5 tab. 13 ref.]