秦岭中山区山地景观格局变化及驱动力分析--以宁陕县长安河流域为例

An Analysis on the Landscape Pattern Changes and Driving Force in Medium Mountain Areas of the Qinling Mountains——A Case Study of Chang'an River Basin of Ningshan County

应用RS和GIS的方法,通过对1994年、1999年、2003年三期遥感影像的解译分析,结合野外考察,翻阅相关资料,对长安河流域近10a来景观格局进行分析。以期得到秦岭中山区长安河流域近10a间景观格局变化及驱动力因素。结果表明:近10a间研究区景观斑块面积和斑块的数量发生明显变化,天然次生有林地、人为影响次生林地、荒草地三种景观类型斑块数量大幅度增加;研究区景观多样性增加、景观破碎度指数增大、景观分维数增加,景观异质性增强;研究区各景观面积动态度变化显著,主要景观类型面积呈现"两增三减"的变化规律。自然环境的制约作用、人为活动干扰作用、政策导向作用作为本区景观格局变化的主要驱动力,决定和影响了景观格局的变化趋势,进而了本区生态环境的变化。

Using the RS and GIS, the landscape pattern changes and driving force of Chang＇an river basin in medium mountain areas of the Qinling mountains were quantified by interpreting Landsat images from 1994 , 1999 and 2003. The results showed that： During the past 10 years ,the forest types are the main dominant type in the landscapes, with the natural secondary forest land being the most significant ; the areas and number of landscape patch has changed obviously, the landscape patch number of natural secondary forest land , artificial woodland and grassland increased by a large margin; Landscape heterogeneity increased, resulting in the increase of diversity index, fractal dimension index, and landscape fractal dimension ; Dynamic degree of landscape types remarkably different, the dynamic degree rule of main landscape types were two increase three decrease; The main driving force of the landscape pattern changes are the natural geographical condition, artificial function and government policy, it decided the change of region environment.