苯并(a)芘在四种食用淡水鱼中的含量和分布

Contents and distributions of benzo [a] pyrene in four edible freshwater fish species

利用GC-MS测定了购自北京市场的4种食用淡水鱼(鲫鱼、胖头鱼、鲤鱼、草鱼)的5种组织器官(脑、肝、泡、卵和肌肉)中BaP的含量,分析了BaP在4种食用淡水鱼中的分布特征及其对人体的健康风险.结果表明,鱼体BaP湿重含量范围为0～0.057ng.g-1,BaP脂标化含量范围为0.02～21.22ng.g-1.BaP在不同组织器官和不同鱼种中的湿重含量差别不显著;而不同鱼种和组织器官中BaP脂标化含量则有一定的差异性.4种鱼中,胖头鱼BaP脂标化含量水平最高,鲫鱼次之,草鱼和鲤鱼较低;各组织器官中,肝脏的BaP脂标化含量相对最高,肉、泡、籽次之,脑中BaP脂标化含量相对最低.鱼体中BaP湿重含量均低于USEPA规定的可食用生物组织器官中BaP含量的上限值(0.67ng.g-1,wetweight),对人体的致癌风险远小于10-5.

The contents of benzo[ a] pyrene （BaP） in the brains, livers, bladders, roes and muscles of four common edible freshwater fish species including Carassius auratus,Aristichthys nobilis ,Cyprinus carpio L and Ctenopharyngodon idellus obtained from the market in Beijing were measured by GCMS. The BaP distributions in the four fish species and risks to human health were analyzed. The results showed that the residual levels of BaP in four freshwater fish species were less than 0. 057 ng·g^-1 wet weight. Lipid normalized BaP concentrations ranged from 0.02 to 21.22 ng·g^-1. There were no obvious differences in wet weight BaP contents among the four fish species and five different tissues and organs. However, the lipid-normalized BaP contents in four fish species and five tissues and organs were different. The lipid-normalized residual BaP level in Aristichthys nobilis was highest, followed by Carassius auratus, Cyprinus carpio L and Ctenopharyngodon ideUus. Among the five tested tissues and organs, livers showed the highest residual BaP level, followed by muscle, bladder, roe and brain. Residual levels of BaP were lower than the screening value （0.67ng·g^-1,wet weight） set by the USEPA. The risk to human health from fish consumption was much lower than 10^-5.