天津滨海工业区土壤中多环芳烃的污染特征及来源分析

Concentration and origin of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface soil in the Industrial Area of Tianjin,China

采集天津滨海工业区38个表层土壤样品,利用GC/MS分析技术,研究了土壤中16种优控多环芳烃的含量和组分特征,运用主成分因子载荷方法分析了其污染来源,并初步评价了其风险水平.结果表明,该区域内94.7%土壤已被污染,其中重污染土壤占39.5%,最高污染样点PAHs含量高达5991.7ng.g-1,平均含量为1148.1ng.g-1,且城区土壤残留水平明显高于乡村土壤;PAHs的组分特征为以毒性水平较高的高环化合物为主;其污染来源主要是煤、天然气和汽油燃烧组成的混合源.

Concentration, distribution, sources and risk level of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs）, listed for priority control by the US EPA, were studied in the Tianjin Binhai Industrial Area. PAHs concentrations in 38 surface soil samples from this area were detected with gas chromatography/ mass spectrometry （GC/MS）. Principal component analysis was carried out to analyze sources of PAHs pollutants. Results showed that （1） PAils concentrations in this area ranged from 68.7 ng·g^-1 to 5991.7 ng·g^-1. Average PAHs concentration in the urban area was higher than that in the rural area; （2） the major PAHs compounds were 4, 5 and 6 ring PAHs; （3） PAHs pollutants in this area mainly originated from a mixture of coal combustion and burning of natural gas and gasoline; （4） pollution risk analysis showed that 94.7% of the Tianjin Binhai Industrial Area was contaminated by PAHs, with 39.5% heavily contaminated.