葫芦岛地区汞在土壤-植物-昆虫系统中的生物地球化学迁移

Mercury biogeochemistry in the soil-plant-insect system in Huludao City

通过研究葫芦岛地区土壤、植物及不同食性昆虫的汞含量,探讨了汞的生物地球化学迁移.结果表明,汞污染使植物汞含量增加,生物吸收程度大大提高.植物及昆虫灰分基汞含量均高于汞在地壳的克拉克值.不同食性昆虫灰分基汞含量存在显著性差异,表现出肉食性>杂食性>植食性的规律.汞能够沿着食物链由植食性昆虫向肉食性昆虫进行传递,土壤-植物、植物-植食性昆虫、植食性昆虫-肉食性昆虫系统中,汞的富集倍数分别为(1～n)×10-1、(1～n)×10、(1～n)的水平,土壤汞污染可以通过食物链传递造成昆虫体内汞的富集.

Mercury contents in soil, plants and insects were investigated to determine the mercury biogeochemistry process in Huludao City. Mercury contamination in soils increased the mercury contents in plants and increased mercury bioabsorption. Mercury contents in the plants and insects, determined from ashed samples, were both higher than the mercury Clarke number in the crust. Significant differences were found among insects with different food sources, in the order carnivorous 〉 polyphagous 〉 herbivorous. Mercury could transfer from the herbivorous to the carnivorous insects through the food chain. Mercury enrichment times in the soil-plant, plant-herbivorous and herbivorous-carnivorous system were （1-n）×10^-1、（1-n）×10、（1-n）, respectively. Mercury soil contamination results in mercury accumulation in insects through the food chain.