英语口试中综合式与分析式评分的异同——基于考生话语的分析

The Similarities and Differences between Holistic and Analytic Scoring in Oral English Tests——An Analysis Based on Examinees' Discourse

本文依据Upshur and Turner(1999)考试与评分的理论模型,将考生口语产出的话语语言特征作为参照,研究口语考试中综合式与分析式评分的异同。实验结果表明考生口语产出的话语特征中流利度衡量指标之每分钟有意义音节数对两种不同评分模式都产生显著影响;评分员在两种评分过程中都注重考生话语的流利性,忽视语言准确性和复杂性。文章进一步对此进行了分析并从考生话语角度揭示口试评分中误差控制的问题。

Drawing on Upshur and Turner＇s （1999） framework of test taking and scoring, this study, with reference to the linguistic features of exarninee＇s oral production, investigates the differences and similarities of holistic and analytic scoring in oral tests. The results indicated that one of the measures of examinees＇ linguistic features, the number of meaningful syllables per minute, exerted significant effects on both scoring methods, and that raters focused on fluency of examinee＇s discourse at the expense of,accuracy and complexity during rating. The paper further analyzes the reasons and reveals the problems concerning error control in scoring from the perspective of examinees＇ discourse.