大学新生心理健康状况调查与分析——以河南理工大学2007级新生为例

An Analysis and Survey of Freshmen's Mental Health in Henan Polytechnic University

为给提高新生心理健康水平提供科学依据,采用整群抽样的方法,分别对河南理工大学2007级2729人和3005人施测《心理卫生评定量表(SCL-90)》和《大学生人格问卷(UPI)》问卷,并利用WJZ心理测评软件和SPSS10.0分析处理数据。结果表明:(1)2007级新生心理健康水平高于全国成人常模和大学生常模。(2)施测SCL-90的学生有13.19%存在中度以上心理问题;施测UPI的学生中第一类人群占8.84%,第二类人群占37.93%。(3)心理问题主要表现在强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、偏执、敌对、焦虑和精神病性等方面。(4)男生较女生易于敌对,女生较男生易于恐怖;独生子女在心理素质方面存在优势;来自中等城市的学生心理素质最佳,大城市、小城镇次之,农村和边远农村最差;专业满意度最高的人心理通常最健康,最不满意的人最不健康。

To provide the scientific evidence and guide for freshmen＇s mental health, an investigation of the status of freshmen＇s mental health has been carried out in Henan Polytechnic University in the way of spot check. Each sample was assessed with SCL-90 or UPI. The data obtained are analyzed by WJZ and SPSS10.0. Results： （1） The scores that the freshmen in our university got were higher than those in all the other universities. （2） 13.19 % of the students assessed with SCL-90 show the middle level of mental trouble. Among those assessed with UPI, the students in the first part account for 8.84% and the students in the second part account for 37.93. （3） The mental troubles centre upon compulsive reaction, sensitive interpersonal relation, depression, stubbornness, hostility and anxiety, etc. （4） Male students are much inclined to become hostile than female ones and the latter are more apt to be frightened. Comparatively, the only-children show better mental status. Those from the middle-sized cities show the best mental status; those from big cities and small towns are the middle; those from countryside and remote areas show the worst. Generally, those who have great satisfaction with their profession show the best status in mental health and vice versa. Conclusion： In general, the result of this investigation shows that the freshmen＇s mental health is free, but it still needs more mental education from different aspects and levels.