大亚湾典型养殖区表层沉积物环境特征研究

Researches on surface sediment environment in marine culture area of Daya Bay

通过对大亚湾的大鹏澳海域的网箱养殖区表层沉积物的理化特征及大型底栖生物分布特征与贝类养殖区、对照区的对比研究,揭示了该养殖区表层沉积物环境的基本特征。结果表明,网箱养殖活动对表层沉积物化学性质的影响比较明显,主要表现为总氮、可交换态氮、可交换态氨氮、总磷、无机磷、有机磷、硫化物和有机碳的含量,以及无机磷占总磷的比例与可交换态氨氮占可交换态氮的比例大大提高。大型底栖生物分布特征表明,贝类养殖区的平均多样性指数为1.86,平均栖息密度为626.7 ind.m-2,均为最高,这主要是由于贝类养殖区有机质含量适中,低于网箱养殖区,高于对照区,适宜多毛类的繁殖与生长。

Surface sediment samples were collected in the marine cultural areas of the Daya Bay. The Basic characteristics of the surface sediment environment were revealed by comparing some key physical-chemical parameters of the sediments and the distribution of macro benthos in the eage culture area, shellfish culture area and control area of the Daya Bay. The cage culture activity increased the contents of TN, ad- sorbed inorganic nitrogen, NH4-N, TP, IP, OP and sulfide. It also enhanced the proportions of IP to TP as well as NH4-N to adsorbed inorganic nitrogen in the surface sediments. The distribution characteristics of macro-benthos indicated that the mean diversity index was 1.86 and the mean abundance was 626.7 ind ·m^-2 in the shellfish area, which were higher than those in the other two comparison areas. The main reason was that the eontent of organic matter in the shellfish eulture area was moderate, higher than that in the control area and lower than that in the eage culture area, and was suitable for the breed and growth of polychaete.