厦门西海域表层沉积物中多环芳烃含量分布及生态风险评价

Concentrations and distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments at western Xiamen Bay and assessment of their ecological risk

2004年11月30日至12月1日连续两天采集厦门西海域10个站位表层沉积物样品,参照美国EPA标准方法及采用气相色谱与质谱联用(GC/MS)技术,对表层沉积物样品中的多环芳烃(PAHs)进行测定分析。结果表明,厦门西海域表层沉积物样品中16种PAHs的总含量为198.2—1061.6 ng.g-1,平均值为723.51 ng.g-1,能检出的PAHs均以2—4环的芳香物为主;10个站位中X1、X2、X3、X6及M2站位的PAHs主要来源于化石燃料的不完全燃烧,其他站位以石油泄漏为主要来源。对PAHs的生态风险评价结果表明,厦门西海域表层沉积物中PAHs的环境毒性相对较低,说明该海域表层沉积物中PAHs对生物的危害程度较轻。

Surface sediment samples at 10 sites of the western Xiamen Bay were collected on November 30 and December 1 of 2004. The U. S. EPA analytical methods were employed to examine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs）, and the concentrations of PAHs were determined by GC/MS. The results showed that the total concentrations of 16 PAHs varied from 198. 2 to 1061.6 ng·g^-1 dry weight, with an average of 723.51 ng·g^-1 The dominant compositions are low molecular weight PAHs with 2--4 rings. The sources of PAHs in the sediments at X1, X2, X3, X6, and M2 sites were mostly from incomplete combustion of fossil fuel. The main possible sources of PAHs in the sediments at other sites were identified as oil spills. The toxicity of PAHs in the sediments at western Xiamen Bay was relatively low based on the assessment result of their ecological risk.