超声在5·12汶川特大地震伤员中的应用价值

The application value of ultrasonography in the victims of Wenchuan earthquake

目的阐述超声影像技术在特大地震伤员的诊断分型和并发症预防及治疗方面的应用价值。方法将超声会诊的743例地震伤员分为四类，即胸腔伤、腹腔伤、四肢血管伤和挤压伤，按人院时间分为两个阶段并对资料进行分析。结果743例伤员中，有218例出现超声影像学异常，阳性率为29．3％。按损伤类型发病率由高到低排序，第一阶段依次为挤压伤类血肿〉胸腔积液（血）〉脾破裂〉肝破裂〉四肢血管损伤〉肾损伤〉肠管破裂及挤压综合征伴。肾功能衰竭，第二阶段挤压伤类血肿〉胸腔积液（血）〉四肢血管损伤〉挤压综合征伴肾功能衰竭〉脾破裂〉肾损伤〉肝破裂。结论地震常造成全身多器官损伤；超声在分析地震伤方面起着非常重要的作用。

Objective To investigate the application value of uhrasonography in the classifying patients,preventing and treating the major earthquake induced complications. Methods Seven hundred and forty-three patients were divided into four sorts by region of injuries., thoracic cavity, abdominal cavity, blood vessels of limbs and crush. According to the admission time, there were two phases and the data was analyzed respectively. Results Abnormal ultrasonic image was found in 218 of all patients, with positive ratio 29.3%. In the first phase, the morbidity of crush-induced hematoma was the highest, followed by pleural effusion,spleen rupture, liver fracture, injury of blood vessels, renai damage, intestinal rupture and crush syndrome with renal failure. Compared with that of the first phase,the morbidity of the injury of blood vessels and crush syndrome with renal failure increased in the second phase. Conclusions It was important to analyze the earthquake-induced injury because the major earthquake often cause the damage of multiple organs.