黄土高原半干旱区保护性耕作适应性评价

Evaluation of adaptability of conservation tillage in Loess Plateau semi-arid areas

在黄土高原半干旱区连续4年保护性耕作试验的基础上,利用层次分析法,对5种保护性耕作法与传统耕作法适应性（生态与经济）进行综合评价,探究适合黄土高原半干旱区的保护性农业技术体系。结果表明：在两种轮作次序（小麦/豌豆、豌豆/小麦）、两种投入方式（计秸秆和不计秸秆）下,保护性耕作法免耕秸秆覆盖（NTS）综合适应性指数（PI）均显著高于其他几种耕作方式,且PI在0.76-0.86之间,是传统耕作法（T）的2-2.5倍,NTS在该地区的适应性最强;NTS、免耕不覆盖（NT）、免耕结合地膜覆盖（NTP）3种耕作方式的PI高于传统耕作结合秸秆还田（TS）、T、传统耕作结合地膜覆盖（TP）,说明NTS、NT、NTP在该区的适应性优于TS、T、TP。因此,在黄土高原半干旱区实施保护性耕作措施NTS,更能促进该区农业的持续发展。

To explore the adaptability of conservation tillage in the Loess Plateau semi-arid areas of Gansu Province,a conservation tillage experiment was conducted for 2001 - 2005 and the Analytic Hierarchy Process（AHP） used to evaluate the economic and ecological suitability of five conservation tillage methods.The economic and ecological adaptability evaluation shows that no-tillage with straw cover（NTS） is the best among the tillage methods investigated.NTS adaptability ratio（PI） is far higher than the other tillage methods,ranging from 0.76 to 0.84,which is 2 - 2.5 times ordinary tillage（T）,showing that NTS treatment is more adaptable to the local ecology.PIs for NTS,no-tillage（NT） and no-tillage with plastic cover（NTP） are higher than that for tillage with straw cover（TS）,T and tillage with plastic cover（TP）.This implies that the adaptability of NTS,NT and NTP is better than that of TS,T and TP.Hence adopting NTS not only increases crop yield or reduces total input,but also enhances sustained development of agriculture in the Loess Plateau semi-arid areas of Gansu Province.