人参皂苷Rg1对运动性疲劳小鼠脑氨基酸含量的影响

Effects of ginsenoside Rg1 on free amino acids in brain of sports fatigue-mice

目的:探讨人参皂苷Rg1在运动性中枢疲劳中的作用机制,并研究其剂量效应关系。方法:健康雄性昆明种小鼠,按体质量随机分为六组:即对照组和人参皂苷Rg1 5、10、20、40和80 mg/kg的5个剂量组,每组20只。每天分别用蒸馏水和5、10、20、40和80 mg/kg的人参皂苷Rg1灌胃。2周后,进行负重力竭游泳实验和无负重游泳90 min实验,测定力竭游泳时间以及无负重游泳后,脑组织中氨基酸含量的变化。结果:与空白运动对照组相比,5、10和20 mg/kg人参皂苷Rg1组,脑组织中支链氨基酸(BCAA)含量和BCAA/AAA比值显著升高(P<0.01、P<0.01和P<0.05),而5、10、20和40 mg/kg人参皂苷Rg1组,脑组织中芳香族氨基酸(AAA)含量显著降低(P<0.01、P<0.05、P<0.05和P<0.05),其中色氨酸(Trp)含量,各组均显著降低(P<0.01);5和10 mg/kg组谷氨酸(Glu)含量显著降低(P<0.01和P<0.01),而天冬氨酸(Asp)、甘氨酸(Gly)各组间未见显著性差异。各组力竭游泳时间均有延长,其中5 mg/kg组(P<0.01)、10 mg/kg组(P<0.01)、20 mg/kg组(P<0.05),差异均有显著性意义。结论:人参皂苷Rg1具有抑制中枢性疲劳,提高运动耐力的作用,以中低和低剂量效果最佳。

Objective ： To study the effect and possible mechanism of Ginsenoside Rg1 in sports CNS fatigue and dose-response relationship. Methods： Kun Ming male mice were divided randomly into 6 groups： control group and five different doses groups（5, 10, 20, 40, 80 mg/kg）. They were treated orally with Ginsenoside Rg1 for 2 weeks. The levels of amino acids of brain tissue were tested after swimming for 90 min and the exhaustive swimming time were recorded. Results： The levels of BCAA and the ratio of BCAA/AAA in groups 5,10 and 20 mg/kg were significantly higher than control group and the levels of AAA in groups 5,10,20 and 40 mg/kg were significantly decreased. The exhaustive swimming time in groups 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg were much longer than in control group. Conclusion： Through adjusting the ratio of BCAA and AAA and decreasing the level of excitatory amino acids neurotransmitter, Ginsenoside Rg1 can elevate movement ability and resist against CNS fatigue. The roles of mid-low and low doses may be better.