医科新生状态-特质焦虑与人格、应对方式及唾液皮质醇的相关性

Correlation between state-trait anxiety,personality,coping style and the cortisol level in medical freshmen

目的探讨医科新生状态-特质焦虑与人格特征、应对方式的关系及特质焦虑是否影响唾液皮质醇水平。方法使用《状态-特质焦虑量表》、《艾森克个性问卷》、《特质应对方式问卷》对190名医科新生进行测试,采用放射免疫法测定唾液皮质醇含量。结果①医科新生的状态焦虑与外向性、掩饰性及积极应对呈负相关,与神经质、消极应对呈正相关;特质焦虑与外向性、掩饰性及积极应对呈负相关,与神经质、精神质、消极应对呈正相关;②神经质、积极应对、消极应对可以较好地预测医科新生的特质焦虑水平;③女生的消极应对得分高于男生,非独生个体的状态焦虑、特质焦虑得分高于独生个体,均有统计学意义;④不同特质焦虑水平个体唾液皮质醇浓度无统计学差异。结论①医科新生的焦虑水平与人格特征、特质应对方式有显著相关性;神经质对特质焦虑具有较大的影响,消极应对方式容易导致焦虑,积极应对方式则会缓解焦虑;②女生更多地采用消极应对方式,独生医科新生的情绪更为积极;③特质焦虑水平对唾液皮质醇含量无显著影响。

Objective To explore the correlation between state-trait（SA） anxiety and personality（P）, coping style and to explore whether trait anxiety influences the sahvary cortisol level. Method The SA anxiety, personality and coping style were measured by using questionnaires, and the cortisol level was analyzed by radioimmunoassay. Results （1） SA was significantly correlated with E, L, PC, N and NC, also TA was significantly correlated with E, L, PC, N, P and NC. （2） N, PC and the NC had a good predictive efficiency on TA. （3）NC was significantly higher in females than in males. Compared with an single-child, a non- single-child had significantly higher scores in SA and TA. （4） Saliva cortisol was not significantly different among different levels of TA. Conchusions （1） Anxiety levels, including SA/TA are significantly correlated with personality and coping style, and the N level has a more important impact on TA than others. （2） Female students have more negative coping style and an single-child has more positive emotions. （3）TA has no significant influences on the cortisol level.