山东大学齐鲁医院2007年感染现患率调查

Prevalence rate of nosocomial infection in Qilu Hospital of Shandong University in 2007

目的了解医院感染的现状及日抗菌药物使用情况,为进一步预防和控制医院感染提供科学依据。方法根据山东省卫生厅对医院感染疾病监测的统一要求,2007年8月22日对山东大学齐鲁医院所有住院患者进行调查,采用床旁调查和查阅病历相结合的方法,填写统一的个案调查表(包括科室医院感染发生率、抗生素使用率、微生物送检率等),调查医院感染现患率。结果医院感染现患率为5.68%;例次感染率为5.93%,其中以综合ICU最高(36.36%);感染部位以呼吸道感染居首位(58.95%);抗菌药物使用率为51.37%,其中一联药物使用率59.30%;分离病原体31株,检出率62.00%,以G-菌为主,其中主要为大肠埃希氏菌、铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯氏菌、真菌等。结论通过医院感染现患率调查,全面了解了医院感染的现状,结果提示应重点对中心ICU、烧伤科、血液透析科、血液病科等高危科室开展目标性监测;加强临床标本送检,规范抗菌药物合理使用,从而不断降低医院感染率。

Objective To investigate the present situation of nosocomial infection（N-I） and the use of antibiotics and to provide scientific data for prevention and control of hospital infection. Methods Forms were filled with case data obtained from clinical investigations and references to in-patient medical records of all patients admitted to Qilu Hospital on 22th August 2007. Results Analysis revealed that the prevalence rate of NI was 5.68 % and the case prevalence rate was 5.93 %, and the highest NI rate was found in the general ICU （36.36%）. The respiratory tract was the main infected site （58.95%）. The antibiotic adoption rate was 51.37%, and 59.30% of the antibiotics were singly used. Nine among 31 strains were identified as Escherichia Cob, 8 Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 2 Klebsiella pneumonia and 2 fungi. Conclusions The present NI rate survey indicates that targeted surveillance should be carried out in high risk departments, such as ICU, Department of Burns, Hemodialysis and Hematology, and it also helps doctors to properly use antibiotics to reduce the NI rate in the hospital.