中国土壤有机碳库及其演变与应对气候变化

Soil Organic Carbon Stock, Dynamics and Climate Change Mitigation of China

通过综述和评价中国土壤,特别是农田土壤有机碳库(以下简称碳库)的现状与演变态势,讨论其对我国应对气候变化的意义,提出了我国土壤碳库及其演变与应对气候变化的基本国情是:1)我国土壤背景碳储量较低且区域分布不均衡;2)我国土壤固碳效应明显,未来固碳减排潜力显著;3)技术和政策是实现和提高我国土壤碳汇、促进我国应对气候变化能力建设的重要途径。建议进一步加强对我国农田土壤固碳减排的研发投入,完善农业应对气候变化的相关政策和鼓励措施体系,研究构建气候友好的新型农业,以期在提高和稳定农业生产力与应对气候变化能力上获得双赢。

This paper overviews the studies on soil organic carbon （SOC） stock and dynamics of China＇s soils since the fulfillment of the second national soil survey, and focuses on the significance of climate change mitigation in China. The status of SOC stock and the dynamics of China are characterized of a relatively low C storage with a large regional variability, a definite overall trend of C enhancement, and a significant sequestration potential in the future, which can be realized through a sound climate policy and the adoption of the best management practices in agriculture. Increasing investment in C sequestration research and technology development, improving policies and incentives for enhancing C sequestration, and the innovation and extension of climate-friendly agricultural systems should be pursued for a win-win effect in enhancing both the productivity of China＇s agriculture and climate change mitigation.