抗氧化酶诊断环境污染研究进展

Research advances in antioxidant enzymes for diagnosing environmental contamination

抗氧化酶在参与活性氧的清除及机体的保护性防御反应中发挥着重要作用。随着环境污染问题日益受到关注,抗氧化酶也被用于诊断环境污染以及评价污染物对生物的毒性效应。本文首先介绍了抗氧化酶的种类及性质,并对抗氧化酶的联合作用进行了探讨,从不同污染物类别的角度分析了抗氧化酶活性及其基因表达对环境污染的响应;还从物种敏感性和环境条件两个方面,概述了抗氧化酶诊断环境污染的影响因素;最后,提出了今后以抗氧化酶作为环境污染生物指示的研究重点。

Antioxidant enzymes play a significant part in reactive oxygen scavenger and antioxidant defense systems. With increasing attentions to environmental problems, anfioxidant enzymes have been widely used as the biomarkers for diagnosing environmental contamination and assessing the toxic effects of pollutants on living organisms. In this review, the varieties and characters of antioxidant enzymes were introduced, with their combined effects discussed. The responses of antioxidant enzyme activity and gene expression to environmental contamination were analyzed based on different pollutant exposures, and some factors affecting the enzymes were summarized from the aspects of species sensitivity and environmental condition. The focuses of further studies on the effective biomarkers for diagnosing environmental contamination were put forward.