有氧运动对1级原发性高血压患者血小板功能的影响

Effects of aerobic exercises therapy on platelet function in phase I essential hypertension

目的观察有氧运动对1级原发性高血压患者的疗效和血小板功能的影响。方法对36例1级原发性高血压患者进行3个月的低强度有氧运动疗法，记录并比较运动疗法前后的血压、心率、血小板最大聚集率（PAGTmax）、血浆血小板α-颗粒膜蛋白（GMP-140）含量及平均血小板容积（MPV）的变化，并与36例正常对照者比较。结果运动疗法前，原发性高血压患者PAGTmax为（0．88±0．08）％，血浆GMP-140含量为（57±23）μg/L，MPV为（9．14±0．9）fl，与对照组相比均明显增加（t值分别为15.221、10．916、16．401，均P〈0．01）。与运动疗法前比较，运动疗法后原发性高血压者24h平均血压降低，同时PAGTmax下降至（0．80±0．05）％（t=4．323，P〈0．05），血浆GMP-140含量下降至（28±20）μg／L（t=15．049，P〈0．01），MPV下降至（9．0±0．9）n（t=5．518，P〈0．05），且与正常对照组治疗后相比差异有统计学意义（t值分别为14．368、4．908、6．239，均P〈0．01）。正常对照组治疗前后上述指标差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论原发性高血压患者存在血小板活性增强，有氧运动在有效降低血压的同时能抑制血小板活化。

Objective To study the effects of aerobic exercises on platelet function in patients with phase I essential hypertension （EH）. Methods Low-intensity aerobic exercises therapy was given to 36 patients with phase I EH for three months. Changes of their blood pressure, heart rate, platelet aggregation rate （PAGTmax）, alpha-granule membrane protein （GMP-140） and mean platelet volume （MPV） were recorded and compared to those in 36 normal healthy controls. Results As compared to those in controls, PAGTmax, level of GMP-140 and MPV were all increased in patients with phase I EH before exercises therapy（t = 15. 221, 10. 916 and 16. 401, respectively, all P 〈 0. 01 ）. After exercises therapy, 24-hour mean blood pressure decreased in association with reduction in PAGTmax to （0. 80 ± 0. 05）% from （0. 88 ± 0. 08） % （ t = 4. 323, P 〈 0.05 ）, level of GMP-140 decreased to （28 ± 20 ）μg/L from （ 57 ± 23 ） μg/L （ t =15.049, P〈0.01） and MPV decreased to （9.0±0.9）fl from （9. 1 ±0.9）fl （t =5.518, P 〈0.05） before it. But, there was no significant difference in these indicators of platelet function in controls before and after exercise therapy （P 〉 0. 05 ）. Conclusions Aerobic exercises therapy could be effective in lowering blood pressure in patients of mild EH with increased platelet activation, as well as inhibition on their platelet activation.