贵阳市城区老年人认知功能障碍及影响因素分析

Investigation on cognitive impairment among elders in urban community of Guiyang

目的探讨贵州省贵阳市老年人认知功能障碍流行状况及影响因素,为预防老年人识知功能下降提供科学依据。方法采用多级随机整群抽样方法,使用简易智能状态量表（MMSE）对贵阳市2个城区60岁-的社区老年人进行认知功能检查。结果完成认知评估3175人,有认知障碍647人（20%）,其中轻度认知障碍465人（14.4%）,中重度认知障碍182人（5.6%）。老年人认知功能障碍程度随年龄增加而增加;不同性别之间老年人认知障碍检出率差异无统计学意义;MMSE分值随受教育程度降低而降低。老年人的认知功能障碍的多领域均存在下降。多元线性回归分析显示,教育程度的高低、日常生活能力（ADL）量表得分、年龄及性别与老年人认知功能障碍之间差异有统计学意义。结论贵阳市老年人认知功能障碍患病率较高,老人认知功能障碍与教育程度、ADL、性别、年龄等因素相关。应加强对社区老年人认知功能的早期监测,提高社区老年人生活质量。

Objective To investigate prevalence and risk factors of cognitive impairment among the elders in Guiyang city. Methods Using multistage sampling, elder people （≥60 years old） were surveyed in urban community of Guiyang by MMSE questionnaire. Results 3 175 elder peoples＇ cognitive function was evaluated. We found that 647 （20 % ） had cognitive impairment, including mild 465 （14.4%） and serious cognitive impairtecnt 182 （5.7%）. The cognitive impairment prevalence in the female was higher than that of in the male. The patients with cognitive impairment had multi-domain impairment. In multi-regression analysis, the score of MMSE was related to educational attainment, score of ADL, age, and gender. Conclusion Elder people＇ s cognitive impairment is serious in urban community of Guiyang. Elder people＇ s cognitive impairment is related to grade of education, age, and gender. It is important to inspect elder peoples＇ cognitive function early and to improve their quality of life.