什邡市湔氐镇地震灾区卫生防疫干预效果分析

Study on effect of sanitary and antiepidemic measures during anti-earthquake and rescue of Sichuan

目的了解汶川地震后,外援防疫队采取的综合性卫生防疫措施对于控制灾区传染病流行、提高灾区居民的卫生防病意识的效果。方法选择四川省什邡市湔氐镇的5个自然村,共3106户,9644人,进行防疫措施干预前后2次调查,评估干预效果。结果5个自然村受伤152人、死亡59人,房屋损毁率99.84%。95.30%居民居住简易帐篷。仅有0.52%的居民近期出现发热、腹泻、眼病疾患;87.02%的居民饮水及96.88%的居民食品靠政府提供;96.36%的居民户接受了震后卫生防疫知识健康教育。结论当地未发生传染病的流行,灾后及时采取的健康教育、环境消毒、集中发放饮用水、遇难者尸体处理等综合卫生防疫等措施效果明显。

Objective To explore the effect of comprehensive sanitary and anti - epidemic measures for controlling epidemic of communicable disease and improving health consciousness in residents of earthquake area. Methods Two investigation were conducted before and after the intervention among 9 644 participants of 3 106 households in 5 villages selected. Resuits The injured people was 152. The people dead was 59. House destruction rate was 99.84 %. 95.30 % of refugees lived in tent. 0.52 % of refugees had fever, diarrhea, ophthalmopathy. 87.02 % of refugees＇ drinking water was supplied by the government. 96.88 % of refugees＇ food was provided by the government. 96.36 % of refugees received health education. Conclusion There was no communicable disease prevalence among local residents. Comprehensive sanitary and anti - epidemic mea- sure.s, health education, environment sterilization, supply of drinking water, reasonable disposal of corpses are effective intervention measures.