神经管畸形营养干预社会经济影响因素分析

Analysis of socio-economic factors on the impact of nutrition intervention for neural tube defects

目的分析社会经济因素对育龄妇女使用孕妇复合营养素的影响,为开展人群干预计划提供科学依据。方法在全国选取7个省,进行孕妇复合营养素干预引入性试验。每省在社会经济发展水平处于中等水平的县市中各抽取1个县和1个市区,在确定样本县市后再采用多阶段随机抽样的方法抽取正计划怀孕的妇女和调查时已怀孕的妇女5593人进行问卷调查。结果育龄妇女有愿意使用孕妇营养素意向者占47%,实际使用孕妇复合营养素的育龄妇女仅占3.4%。家庭成员支持是妇女孕妇复合营养素使用意愿的最关键的影响因素;妇女的社会经济地位、家庭成员的支持和社区卫生服务提供是影响孕妇复合营养素使用的关键因素。结论社会经济各因素影响育龄妇女对复合孕妇营养素的使用,家庭成员支持是妇女孕妇复合营养素使用意愿的最关键影响因素。

Objective To analyze the socio- economic factors on the impact of multivitamin/folio acid supplementation in women of childbearing age, so as to provide the scientific evidence for approaches to conduct population - based intervention for neural tube defects. Methods Seven provinces were selected in China, and, according to the level of economic development, one county and one city were sampled from the mid - level ones in each province. The respondents sampled by using multi - stage systematic and simple sampling in each country and city were those who were planning to make pregnancy or being pregnant during the survey. The total number of questionnaires collected was 5593. The survey mainly included the women＇s age, education, occupation, family economic status, the support of family membere, the health services provided by the community, the knowledge and beliefs about birth defects, and the utilization of folic acid supplementation. Results Nearly 50% of the women were willing to use the multivitarnin/folic acid supplementation, but those who were actually using it were only 3.4 96 . Support of family members was the key factor of requirement for the folio acid supplementation. Women＇s socio - economic status, support of family members, and better health services by community were key factors of use of folic acid supplementation. Conclusion Various socio - economic factors had impact on utilization of multivitamin/folie acid supplementation in women of childbearing age. So, to improve the coverage of women using the folic acid supplementation, we should establish a community - and - family - based intervention model.