精神分裂症患者的认知功能及其影响因素

Cognitive function and its relevant factors in schizophrenia

目的了解精神分裂症患者的认知功能及其影响因素。方法对100例精神分裂症患者及79例正常对照进行韦氏智力测验(WAIS)评定,同时调查患者的临床特征。结果与正常对照比较发现,精神分裂症患者的IQ、言语智商和操作智商均显著低于正常对照,70%患者的IQ低于平常,19%的患者智力缺损。多元逐步回归分析显示:①IQ与发病年龄有关,发病年龄越晚,IQ越高;②言语智商与发病年龄、诊断分型有关,发病年龄晚、偏执型患者,言语智商高;③操作智商与病程有关,病程越短,操作智商越高。结论精神分裂症的认知功能损害是明显的、广泛的,受多种因素的影响。

Objective To investigate the cognitive function and its relevant factors in schizophrenia. Methods We used WAIS to assess 100 patients in schizophrenia and 79 normal controls. We also investigated the clinical feature of patients. Results IQ, verbal IQ, performance IQ were significant lower than those of controls. The IQ of 70% patients are lower than normal. The incidence of cognitive deficit in schizophrenia was 19%. The results of multiple stepwise regression analysis： ①The age at onset was related to IQ. Patients with later age at onset showed higher IQ. ②The age at onset, the types of diagnosis were relaled to verbal IQ. Patients with later age at onset, paranoid type showed higher verbal IQ. ③The course of disease was related to performance IQ. Patients with shorter course of disease showed higher performance IQ. Conclusion The deficit of cognitive function in schizophrenia is obvious and extensive. It is influenced by some factors.