居室空气污染与儿童哮喘关系的调查

Investigation on Relationship Between Indoor Air Pollution and Asthma in Children

目的了解居室内空气污染对儿童哮喘的影响。方法采用病例-对照流行病学研究设计、通过问卷收集50例儿童哮喘患者及50例非哮喘儿童对照相关信息。结果单因素分析结果显示,达到显著性水平的危险因素包括:被动吸烟(OR=3.55)、室内装修(OR=1.89)、家族过敏史(OR=3.43)以及个体过敏史(OR=4.93)。条件logistic多元回归分析中,被动吸烟、室内装修、家族过敏史和个体过敏史进入了最终模型,OR值分别为3.37,1.74,3.50,4.59。结论儿童哮喘的高发除了遗传因素以外,最主要的是室内小环境污染(呼吸带水平)对儿童呼吸系统健康的影响尤为严重。因此避免室内过度装修,被动吸烟,可以降低室内污染程度,最终达到保护儿童健康的目的。

Objective To get the message of influence of indoor air pollution on asthma in children. Methods The relative information of 50 cases with children asthma and 50 control cases without children asthma was collected by case - control epidemiological design and questionnaires. Results Univariate analysis showed that risk factors achieving significant levels included passive smoking （ OR = 3.55 ）, interior decoration （ OR = 1.89 ）, family history of allergies （ OR = 3.43 ） and the individual history of allergies （ OR = 4.93 ）. In conditional logistic multiple regression analysis, passive smoking, interior decoration, and individual and family history of allergic history entered the final model with the OR values of 3.37, 1.74, 3.50, 4.59, respectively. Conclusions Besides genetic factors, the reseason for high incidence of childhood asthma is the effect of indoor pollution （ respiratory belt level） on respiratory health of children. So it can reduce the level of indoor air pollution by avoiding excessive indoor decoration and passive smoking so as to protect childreng health.