用比类方法命名腧穴的探析

Study of the acupoints naming with the methods of analogy

古代医家从整体观念出发,以丰富的想象力,根据腧穴所在部位的形态、特征或腧穴的功用、气血流注的状况等,寻自然物之相似处,用比类的方法命名。将腧穴比作天地,比作日月星辰,比作山、丘、海、泽、沟、谷、溪、道、里等地理形貌或区域,比作鱼、鸟、牛、兔、花、禾等动植物,比作府、舍、仓、门、垣、庭、窗等建筑物,比作盆、鼎、钟、杼等器物,充分体现了古人将传统文化与中医特点相结合来命名腧穴的方法和规律。

Based on the organic conception of the human body and their rich imagination,the ancient doctors seek the similarity of the natural resources and accordingly form the theory of naming the acupoints with the methods of analogy. The acupoints are named with reference to the forms and the features of their positions, also the function and the disemboguement conditions of the vital energy and the blood. The acupoints are assimilated to sky, land, sun, moon, star, some landforms or areas like mountain, hill, ocean, pond, valley, stream, road and path, some animals and plants like fish, bird, cattle, rabbit, flower and standing grain, some buildings like mansion, house, storehouse, door, wall, court and window, some instruments like pot, vessel, bell and shuttle. It fully proves that the ancient doctors can make the great methods and rules to name the aeupoints by combining the traditional culture with the professional features.