目的论与自由:论康德的政治哲学

Teleology and Freedom:On Kant's Political Philosophy

康德的政治哲学以目的论为基础,即"人是目的",大自然隐蔽的目的就是要建立普遍法治下的公民社会,实现人的尊严和自由。康德政治哲学具体表现在"政治自由主义"和"理想的世界主义"两方面,这是其目的论在政治法律层面的落实。康德政治哲学是近代启蒙政治思想的总结和展望,其纯正的自由主义精神和普遍法治下世界公民的理想,是现代西方政治哲学的源泉。

Kant＇s political philosophy is based on teleology, characterized by his assertion ＂Human beings are ends＂. To Kant, the ultimate intention of nature is to establish a civil society under universal laws, thereby realizing the dignity and freedom of human being. Kant＇ s political philosophy is embodied particularly in his ＂political liberalism＂ and＂ ideal cosmopolitanism＂, as are the political and legal manifestations of his teleology. While his political philosophy is a summarization of the political doctrines during the Enlightenment, his orthodox liberalism and ideal of cosmopolites governed by universal laws, become the source of modern Western political philosophy.