三江平原沼泽湿地植被净初级生产力空间变化特征分析

Spatial Features of Productivity Variability of Marsh in the Sanjiang Plain

基于EOS/MODIS卫星2000～2005年的MOD17A3数据集,分析21世纪初三江平原沼泽湿地植被净初级生产力(NPP)时间变化和空间分异特征及其与气候因子(气温和降水)的关系,并采用空间分析方法,分析道路、河流、居民点等因子对沼泽湿地生产力的影响。结果表明,三江平原沼泽湿地生产力(C)的变化范围为92.2～675g/(m2.a),平均值为374.2g/(m2.a)。沼泽湿地生产力主要受三江平原综合水热条件控制,其与气温和降水显著复相关,复相关系数为0.49(n=6,p<0.05)。低生产力沼泽湿地主要分布在三江平原西、北部地区,高生产力沼泽湿地主要分布在东、南部地区。河流在0～8km的范围内对三江平原沼泽湿地生产力有一定促进作用,但影响不显著。居民点扩建,道路修筑等人类活动影响沼泽湿地分布,并导致沼泽湿地生产力下降,其有效影响范围分别是0～6km区域和0～8km区域。

Based on the MOD17A3 data of NASA EOS/MODIS（TERRA） , the distribution and characteristic of marsh wetland NPP and relationship of between annual NPP of that and water/thermal factors （ precipitation and temperature） in the Sanjiang Plain from 2000 to 2005 were analyzed. Roads, rivers, residents data were used to analyze the marsh wetland distribution character with spatial analysis methods of GIS. Results show that The range of annual NPP of marsh wetland（Carbon） in the Sanjiang plain is focused on the value of between 92.2 and 675 g/（m^2·a） , annual mean NPP was 374.2 g/（m^2·a）. The mainly influence factor of annual NPP of marsh wetland in Sanjiang plain was water/thermal factors （precipitation and temperature） , Multiple correlation coefficients between annual NPP of marsh wetland and corresponding precipitation and temperature was 0.49 （ n=6,p〈0.05） ; The low-NPP marsh wetland was located in the west and north part of Sanjiang plain. The high-NPP marsh wetland was located in the east and south part of Sanjiang plain. In the range of 0 to 8 km, rivers had some positive effect on annual NPP of marsh wetland. Residents and roads had significant negative influence on annual NPP of marsh wetland in the range of 0 -6 km and 0 -8 km respectively.