湿地土壤NH3挥发、N2O释放过程及影响因素

Ammonia Volatilization,Nitrous Oxide Emission Processes in Wetland Soil and Affecting Factors

湿地土壤NH3挥发及N2O释放过程与氮的气态损失密切相关,其对于氮循环的生态意义重大。综述了湿地土壤NH3挥发、N2O释放过程及影响因素的研究动态。当前湿地土壤NH3挥发及N2O释放研究主要集中在挥发/释放特征与一般影响因素的探讨上。影响湿地土壤NH3挥发及N2O释放的因素主要包括土壤理化学性质、环境因素、水文过程、生物群落和人类活动等。鉴于当前相关研究中存在的问题,在今后研究中应亟需加强的领域包括:①NH3挥发及N2O释放的驱动机制;②NH3挥发及N2O释放应用模型表征;③全球变暖、降水改变等对NH3挥发及N2O释放过程的影响;④人类活动对NH3挥发及N2O释放过程的作用机制。

The ammonia （ NHa ） volatilization and nitrous oxide （ N2O） emission processes in wetland soil are closely correlated with nitrogen （N） gaseous loss, which have great ecological signification to the N cycling. In this paper, both the study dynamics of NH3 volatilization and N2O emission processes and their affecting factors were summarized. The current studies of NH3 volatilization and N2O emission mainly focus on volatilization/emission characteristics and common affecting factors. The factors affecting NH3 volatilization and N2O emission mainly include soil physical or chemical properties, environmental factors, hydrological processes, biology communities and human activities etc. Finally, this paper analyzed the issues existed in current research field, and pointed out, the research fields that needed to be strengthened for the future mainly include：①driving mechanism of NH3 volatilization and N2O emission;②representation of NH3 volatilization and N2O emission application model;③effects of global warming and precipitation alteration on the processes of NH3 volatilization and N2O emission;④action mechanism of human activities on the processes of NH3 volatilization and N2O emission.