试论史铁生小说之生死维度

Life and Death in SHI Tie-sheng’s Novels

生与死的问题是史铁生小说的总主题。这一主题性思考从两个层面展开:一是死何以消解生之沉重,其逻辑进路是从生的价值虚无到命运的无可奈何再到历史的无可选择,结论自然是灰色的,即生的艰难与无望只有靠死来消解。二是生何以承担死之虚无,其思考的核心是既然死是命定的,在此之前就必有一个生之过程,人生的价值和意义只在过程中,生是实有,死倒是虚无的。要之,先以死消解生的虚无,再以生消解死的虚无,由此开出一条富有坚韧与乐观精神的"过程人生哲学"之路。

To be or not to be is the general topic of SHI Tie - sheng＇ s novels. The topic in his novels is unfolded from two perspectives ： one is how death dispel the heaviness of life, the logic of which is from the value nihility of life to fatalism, and then to human＇ s no choice in history, concluding that life is gloomy, that is, the hardness and hopelessness can only be dispelled by death; the other is life can not afford the nihility of death, the core idea of which is that since death is destined, the process of life must exist before death, the value and meaning of life only lies in process, and life is reality while death is nihility. In a word, dispel the nihility of life through death first, and then dispel the nihility of death though life. In this way, a firm and optimistic way is carved out that life it the process.