部分植物提取物及药物对中波紫外线诱导的色素沉着斑的抑制作用

Effects of some plant extracts on the pigmentation induced by UVB

目的:检测植物提取物对皮肤色素沉着的抑制作用。方法:以窄谱中波紫外线(NB-UVB)1.5倍的最小红斑量照射,在受试者腹部皮肤建立人工色素沉着模型,分别用3%和5%烟酰胺、1%美白因子、1%羽扇豆素、1%沙棘油、1%和3%橙皮苷、3%维生素C磷酸酯镁、3%甘草酸二铵乳膏涂抹在模型各区域内,以3%氢醌霜为阳性对照,基质为阴性对照,未用药组作空白对照。分别在照射前、照射后1周(即用药前)、用药后第1、2、4、6、8周进行皮肤颜色测量。结果:紫外线照射后7周内,局部皮肤血红蛋白逐渐减少、胶原蛋白合成增加,表皮黑素总量增加。与空白对照区域和阴性对照区域相比,应用1%羽扇豆素、1%沙棘油、3%橙皮苷、3%烟酰胺等制剂的区域,L*值显著增加,高于(P<0.05)或近似于3%氢醌组(P>0.05);局部血红蛋白含量<氢醌组(P<0.01),与基质组相似(P>0.05);且对局部胶原蛋白的合成有轻度促进作用;用SIAscopyTM测定出的局部黑素总量也显著小于空白对照组和阴性对照组(P<0.01),与氢醌组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:羽扇豆素、沙棘油、橙皮苷、烟酰胺、维生素C磷酸酯镁、甘草酸二铵、美白因子使紫外线照射后的色素沉着减轻,作用与氢醌相当,且刺激性小。

Objective： To detect the inhibitory action of the extracts from some plants on skin pigmentation. Methods： Pigmentary macules were induced by irradiating the abdominal regions with 1.5 folds of MED of narrowband-UVB light. Various whitening agents, including 3% and 5% nicotinamide creams, 1% whitening factor, 1% albu-lupin, 1% buckthom oil, 1% and 3% hesperidin, 3% magnesium ascorbyl phosphate, 3% diammonium glycyrrhizinate creams were applied to the irradiated areas. Before and a week after the irradiation, and one, two, four, six and eight weeks after application of creams, spectrophotometer CD-2600d and a spectrophotometric intracutaneous analysis instrument, namely SIAseopy, were used to evaluate the colors of skin treated. The positive control was 3% hydroquinone cream, and the negative control was the vehicle of cream used, no application of any agents served as a blank. Results： Within seven weeks after irradiation, the amount of hemoglobin within the irradiated region decreased gradually, and was less than the region treated with hydroquinone （P〈0.01）, and similar to the region treated with the vehicle. The synthesis of collagen protein and the total amount of epidermal melanin increased at the same time. Compared with the blank and the region using vehicle, the L^＊ values were found increased in the regions treated with 1% albu-lupin, 1% buckthom oil, 3% hesperidin and 3% nieotinamide creams, which were higher than （P〈0.05） or nearly equal to （P〉0.05） that treated with 3% hydroqninone cream. Similarly, the melanin amounts in these regions were significantly lower than those of the control group （P〈 0.01）, as measured by SIAscopy^TM, but without statistical difference from those treated with 3% hydroquinone cream （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusions： The topical application of Albu-lupin, buckthom oil, hesperidin, nieotinamide, magnesium ascorbyl phosphate, diammonium glycyrrhizinate, and whitening factor could reduce the pigmentation induced by ultraviolet irradiation, their whitening effects are better than or similar to hydroquinone, with mild irritative effect.