上颌窦窦口的形态观察及其临床意义

The applied anatomy and clinical significance of maxillary ostium

目的：为了指导鼻内窥镜下功能性上颌窦手术。方法：对６０个头部标本（男３４，女２６）１２０侧进行了上颌窦口及其毗邻结构的观察测量。结果：上颌窦鼻通道的鼻开口口径为平均３．８ｍｍ，上颌窦通道长度为５．６ｍｍ，鼻内开口到前鼻棘连线与鼻底平面夹角为４５．２°，前鼻棘至鼻内开口的距离为３７．０ｍｍ，下鼻甲前端至鼻内开口距离为１９．５ｍｍ，中鼻甲前端至鼻内开口距离为１４．６ｍｍ。结论：上颌窦窦口为管状通道，该处的病变可以导致窦腔炎症，可以进行内窥镜下窦口扩大术，术中应避免损伤眼眶及鼻泪管。

bjective:To perform the maxillary operation more safely and effectly with endoscope.Methods:We measured 60 (34 males,26 females) embalmed cadaver heads of adults to study the maxillary os and its structure around.Results:The diameter of internal hole of maxillary ostium is 3.8 (1.9～8.1) mm;and the length is 5.6(0.9～10.4) mm.The distance from ostium to anterior nasal spina is 37.0(29.7～45.2) mm,and is to the front end of inferior media conchae respectively,The angle between nasal basis and the connective line from anterior spina to ostium is 45.2(35.1～57.1) Conclusions:The results are useful in maxillary endoscopy.