屈光参差性弱视的知觉机制及知觉学习

Perceptual mechanisms and perceptual learning in anisometropic amblyopia

弱视是一种由视觉系统发育障碍所引起且不能通过光学途径加以矫正的视力缺陷。尽管通常认为弱视反映了发育过程中异常视觉经验引起的视觉皮层功能异常,但其神经机制至今未被完全阐明。本文结合我们最新的研究综述了弱视损害的知觉机制,并探讨通过知觉训练改善弱视患者视功能的可能性。成人弱视的视觉系统仍存在一定的可塑性,传统的发育关键期理论应进行重新评估。

Amblyopia is a developmental visual disorder characterized by reduced vision in the absence of any detectable structural or pathological abnormalities that can not improve with refractive correction. Although it has been identified as a cortical impairment, a complete neural account of amblyopia is still unavailable. In this article, we review our most recent research on the mechanisms of ambl~,opia and the possibility of perceptual learning as a therapeutic tool for adult amblyopia. We conclude that the adult amblyopia visual system still exhibits large degrees of plasticity; the concept of critical periods in visual development should be re-examined.