牦牛乳房炎病原菌的快速检测与鉴别研究

Study on bovine mastitis pathogens of yak milk with isolation and identification

意义:乳房炎是导致产奶牛奶产量下降主要原因之一.对牦牛乳房病原菌的检测以及流行学的调查,可为该疾病发防治以及提高或改善牦牛产奶量提供一定科学依据.目的:通过对高原牧区牦牛奶样的检测,以及相关奶样乳房炎病原菌的分离、培养和鉴定的基础上,摸索和建立一套牦牛乳房炎病原菌的快速检测方法.方法:采集74头牦牛奶样,体细胞计数、PH值测定,并且在实验室进行病原菌分离、培养和生化鉴定,结合相关选择性培养和分子生物学鉴定技术,比较牦牛乳房炎病原菌各种检测手段或模式.结果:所建立的体细胞计数-选择性培养-分子生物学鉴定模式能有效、快速的从奶样中鉴别乳房炎病原菌.本试验检测结果表明,大部分泌乳期牦牛都呈乳房炎阳性,主要病原菌仍主要为无乳链球菌、金色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌.

Bovine mastitis is considered the major cause of economic loss to milk producers and to the dairy industry through reduced milk yield and quality, cost of drugs and veterinary treatment, discarded milk, and forced culling. It will be significant for improving and enhancing the yield and quality of Yak-milk output if the bovine mastitis pathogens are investigated and the incidence rate of bovine mastitis is controlled. In order to study the diagnosis and treatment methods of the bovine mastitis pathogens on Yak, in the present investigation, major mastitis pathogens are separated and identified from milk samples from Hong-yuan County of Sichuan Province, which relies upon laboratory diagnosis, such as the yak milk samples of somatic cell count, pH determined, streptococcus isolation, culture and biochemical identification, antimicrobial sensitivity, as well as PCR-based methods. Results show that the laboratory procedures, somatic cell count-culture identification- PCR-based methods, are of value in the examination of Yak-milk samples for bovine mastitis pathogens, and also reveal that the vast majority of yarks are subclinical manifestation of mastitis, and the main pathogen implicated are also Streptococcus uberis, Streptococcus dysgalactiae, Streptococcus agalactiae, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus