性能化防火设计在某大型商城中的应用

Application of Performance-based Fire Prevention Design in Big Business Buildings

基于性能化防火设计的理念,采用了日本Kikuji Togawa提出的疏散公式和CFAST模拟软件对某大型商城第三层中存在的消防安全问题进行了人员安全疏散和火灾烟气蔓延分析研究,结果表明:在模拟计算中,当采用较大火源(10 MW)时,该商城建筑的现有设计的地上第三层商场消防设计能满足要求,烟气沉降高度略有偏低,但离火源较远处的烟层高度能基本满足消防安全要求。建议在商场消防管理上,一方面控制商场人数,另一方面应严格控制易燃物的数量,装修材料应进行阻燃处理或采用不燃、难燃材料。

Based on the concepts of performance-based fire protection design, according to the fire safty of a large mall in the third layer, a detailed analysis of evacuation and the spread of fire smoke was carried out by the Japanese Kikuji Togawa evacuation formula and CFAST simulation software. The result indicates that the mall design of the third layer meets the requirements of fire safety when it used the larger fire source （10 MW） in simulation. Smoke settlement height is slightly lower, but smoke layer height more distant from the fire source can basically meet the requirements of fire safety. On the one hand, customers in the shopping malls are suggested to be reduced, on the other hand, the number of flammable materials should be controlled strictly for the fever of fire protecting management of the shopping malls. The decoration materials should be coped with fire-retardant or adopt nonflammable materials and flame retardancy.