大部制下的地方政府机构改革初探——以某沿海城市为例

A Preliminary Study of the Institution Reform of China's Local Governments under the Framework of Giant Departments

大部制改革的本质是解决"三权"的合理划分与相对分离。大部制下地方政府机构改革应遵循满足需要、总体统筹、系统整合、制约协调、总揽分别的原则;既要体现与中央大部制改革的对应性又要体现自身特色,从国家权力结构划分层面予以推进。目前,我国的地方政府机构设置,仍然存在着机构林立、职责交叉、政出多门、相互推诿挚肘等问题,势必会减弱中央宏观调控力度,影响地方政府服务水平。这些问题的解决之道,就是在地方政府推行大部制改革,科学合理地设计地方机构改革方案,并加以有效地组织实施。本文以某沿海城市为例,在分析其机构设置现状的基础上,按照大部制的理念设计了其政府机构改革方案,以期对即将展开的地方政府行政体制提供理论支撑和思路借鉴。

The reform of giant department is supposed to establish the reasonable division of decision-making power, law enforcement power, and supervision power. The principle of the institution reform of China＇s local governments under the framework of giant department is the following： meeting demands, overall planning, system integration, restriction and coordination. The reform not only should embody the correspondence to the framework of giant department, but also should embody local governments characteristics and should be promoted by state authority. At present, there are still some problems in institution establishment of China＇s local governments, such as multiple institutions, overlapping responsibilities, management disorder and so on, which certainly will weaken the efforts of macro-control of the central government and affect the service level of local governments. To tackle these problems, the following measures would be adopted： to carry out the framework of giant department in China＇s local governments, to design sclentifically and rationally the reform plan of local institution and to implement effectively this plan. Taking a coastal city as an example, this paper analyzes the current status of institution establishment and designs the reform plan of institution reform guided by the idea of giant department in order to offer a theoretical support for the upcoming reform of administrative system of local governments.