油菜化学催熟研究初报

A Preliminary Report on Chemical Ripening in Rapeseed (B. napus)

为促进油菜成熟期体内物质向种子转运,促进植株脱水,实现南方冬油菜一次收获脱粒的目的,选用4种药物(40%乙烯利、10%草甘膦、40%草胺膦、20%百草枯),采用4个喷药时期(04-24,04-27,04-30,05-03)进行催熟研究。结果表明:乙烯利在促进脱水和催熟方面有一定作用,以在成熟前期喷药效果较好;草甘膦对油菜催熟效果相对较差;草胺膦有一定催熟效果,以成熟前中期喷药效果较好,但值得进一步研究;百草枯抑制油菜生长、促使油菜落黄和脱水的效果最好,喷药后第2天植株即全部变黄,在收获前几天喷施对产量影响小,能达到一次收获脱粒的要求。

To promote transportion of the internal materials to rapeseed and plant dehydration during maturing period, thereby realize the purpose of harvest and threshing rapeseed at the same time in south winter rapeseed region, this research was conducted. Four kinds of chemical ripener （40% ethylene, 10% glyphosate, 40% glufosinate and 20% paraquat） were selected and four spraying periods （04-24,04-27,04-30 and 05-03） were chosen for ripening research. The results showed that： ethylene had some effects on the promotion of dehydration and ripening, and spraying at early maturing period was more effective. Glyphosate had relatively poor ripening effect. Glufosinate had a certain extent effect on ripening and spraying at early and middle maturing period,while further studies were necessary. Paraquat had best effects on inhibiting growth, promoting etiolation and dehydration, and all plants turned yellow only two days after spraying. Spraying paraquat in a few days before harvest had little impact on yield,and it could fulfil the requirement of harvesting and threshing at the same time.