不同生育期油菜种子的成熟特性

Maturing Properties of Rapeseed with Different Growth Duration

在长沙地区对早熟、中熟、迟熟油菜品系种子成熟特性进行了研究。结果表明,在5月上旬成熟的品系是长沙地区的最适品系,表现在种子成熟天数较短(51 d),经历的总积温适宜(864.9℃),经历的日平均气温适宜(16.96℃),种子平均每天积累干重最高(0.33 g),种子含油量和蛋白质含量均较高。由于种植结构调整,一季稻—油菜两熟制情况下,油菜可推迟到5月中下旬成熟,现有迟熟品系往往高温逼熟,有必要选育出在20℃以上气温下能正常成熟的品系。

The seed maturing properties of early,medium and late lines of rapeseed （ B. napus ） were studied in Changsha, Hunan Province. The results showed that the optimal line in Changsha region was which becoming maturity during the first ten days of May, which showed shorter seed maturing duration （51 d）, proper accumulated temperature （864.9℃） and daily mean temperature per day （16.96 ℃ ） ,the higest average accumulated dry matter weight per day in seed （0. 33 g） ,and higher content of the seed oil and protein. Because of adjustment of planting structure ,the rapeseed ripening period could be delayed to the second and third ten days of May in single rice-rapeseed rotation system,while there existed phenomenon of heat-forced maturity. So breeding varieties which could normally ripe at high temperature above 20℃ was necessary.