北京市6座垃圾填埋场地下水环境质量的模糊评价

Fuzzy Mathematics-Based Groundwater Quality Evaluation of Six MSW Landfills in Beijing

以接纳北京市城八区生活垃圾的6座填埋场的渗滤液和地下水环境质量为研究对象,2006年对6座垃圾填埋场的渗滤液性质以及丰水期、平水期和枯水期的地下水质进行监测分析和模糊评价.除北神树垃圾填埋场渗滤液中的BOD5和悬浮物含量2项指标合格外,所有垃圾填埋场渗滤液中的COD、铵态氮和粪大肠菌群指标均超过了GB 16889-1997三级标准.其中铵态氮和粪大肠菌群超标最为严重.应用模糊数学进行综合评价的结果表明,6座垃圾填埋场枯水期、丰水期和平水期的地下水质均不合格,且综合评价结果为很差的占95%以上.地下水中的主要污染物是总硬度,其次为大肠菌群.

The qualities of leachate and groundwater of six MSW landfills in wet period, water period and dry period in Beijing in 2006 were analyzed. The results demonstrated that: although BOD5 and suspended solids content in the leachate of Beishenshu landfill were within acceptable levels according to China standards, COD, ammonia, fecal coliform, BOD5 and suspended solids content in other landfills were greatly high above the permissible range of GB 16889-1997 standards. Ammonia and fecal coliform were mostly serious among assaying index. Using fuzzy mathematics, comprehensive evaluation was that: the underground water qualities of six MSW landfills are all substandard and 95% of groundwater quality was bad. The primary pollutants in groundwater of six MSW landfills were total hardness, followed by fecal coliform.