腰椎间盘基质降解酶的研究

Investigation on matrix degrading enzymes of lumbar intervertebral discs

椎间盘基质大分子的变化可使其生物力学性能丧失，这种变化涉及到能使基质中的胶原和蛋白多糖发生改变的细胞外酶。作者以氚－Ⅰ型胶原为底物，对４１例手术治疗的腰椎间盘突出者的椎间盘组织及３４个正常尸检腰椎间盘组织作了胶原酶活力的测定，纤维环与髓核分别测定。用ＰＡＧＥ法以变性胶原为底物，光密度扫描峰值面积自动积分法对６个正常与１６个退变椎间盘作了中性蛋白酶相对含量的初步研究。结果显示，正常纤维环与髓核的胶原酶活力相似，仅含极微量的中性蛋白酶，退变椎间盘胶原酶与中性蛋白酶活性明显增强，尤其是退变髓核。破裂型椎间盘突出者的髓核胶原酶活力高于凸起型。提示基质降解酶在腰椎间盘退变过程中起重要作用，退变程度的差异是临床不同突出类型的生化基础。

Changes in the macromolecular matrix of the intervertebral disc may predispose to biomechanical failure of the disc.Such changes would involve extracellular enzymes capable of altering the collagen and proteoglycan of the disc matrix.In this study, tritiumlabeled type Ⅰ collagen was used as a substrate to estimate the activity of collagenase in the discs of 41 cases of lumbar disc protrusion (LDP) patients by surgical intervention.The annulus fibrous (AF) and nucleus pulposus (NP) were measured separately.34 normal discs harvested by autopsy acted as controls. For estimation of relative neutral proteinase content of 6 normal and 16 degenerated lumbar discs, polyacrylamide gelelectrophoresis (PAGE), heatdenatured collagen as a substrate, and photodensity scanning with peak area autocalculating system were adopted.The results presented that both AF and NP of the normal discs had a similar lower collagenolytic activity and a very limited activity of neutral proteinase,while the degenerated discs showed a higher activity,especially in the degenerated NP. The extruded type of LDP got a higher collagenolytic activity in NP than that of the prolapsed LDP. The fact showed that the matrix degrading enzymes play a very important role in the process of lumbar disc degeneration.The difference of disc degeneration is the biochemical basis of different clinical types of LDP. Matrix degrading enzyme system is a very complexed multienzymatic system. Other neutral proteinases mag join this system besides the collagenase.