上海地区妊高征患者人类白细胞抗原DQA1及DQB1基因多态性研究

Human Leucocyte Antigen DQA1, DQB1 Polymorphism Distribution in Shanghai Chinese Women with Pregnancy Induced Hypertension

目的：探讨人类白细胞抗原系统（ＨＬＡ）与妊高征（ＰＩＨ）的关联。方法：采用非同位素标记的聚合酶链反应－顺序特异性寡核苷酸探针（ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＯ）杂交的方法，对３０个ＰＩＨ患者家庭（病例组）及１４个正常对照家庭（对照组）（每个家庭包括夫妇及其新生儿）进行了ＨＬＡ－ＤＱＡ１及ＨＬＡ－ＤＱＢ１位点的ＤＮＡ分型。结果：与对照组相比，ＰＩＨ患者夫妇ＨＬＡ－ＤＱＢ１＊０５０２等位基因频率增高，ＨＬＡ－ＤＱＡ１等位基因共享增加，而ＨＬＡ－ＤＱＡ１各等位基因频率和ＨＬＡ－ＤＱＢ１等位基因共享无改变。ＰＩＨ患者和新生儿ＨＬＡ－ＤＱＡ１及ＨＬＡ－ＤＱＢ１等位基因频率和共享率均无改变。结论：ＨＬＡ－ＤＱＢ１＊０５０２可作为ＰＩＨ易感性的标志；夫妇ＨＬＡ－ＤＱＡ１共享增高导致ＨＬＡ－Ｄ区相容性增大，封闭抗体产生不足或缺如，妊娠期母儿间免疫平衡失调而诱发ＰＩＨ。

Objective: To explore the mechanism of correlation between human leucocyte antigen (HLA) and pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH). Methods: Oligotyped HLA DQA1, DQB1 locus in 30 Shanghai Chinese PIH families and 14 control families were analysed by polymerase chain reaction sequence specific oligonucleotide (PCR SSO) hybridization method (probes labelled by nonradioactive technique) Results: Compared with the control group, the allelic frequency of HLA DQB1*0502 was significantly higher in PIH couples, and their sharing of HLA DQA1 increased. No difference was found in HLA DQA1 allelic frequency or HLA DQB1 sharing in couples of the two groups. Analysis of HLA DQA1 and DQB1 allelic frequency in PIH patients and their neonates showed no positive results. Conclusion: HLA DQB1*0502 may be the marker of susceptibility to PIH. The increase of compatibility in HLA D region resulted in decrease of producting blocking antibody. The unbalance of maternal fetal immunity will induce PIH.