银莲花属一新组和一新种

A new section with a new species of Anemone (Ranunculaceae) from Mt. Xiaowutai, China

本文描述了中国河北省小五台山的毛茛科Ranunculaceae银莲花属Anemone一新组——小五台银莲花组sect.LeptotheceW.T.Wang & BingLiu及其一新种——小五台银莲花A.xiaowutaishanica W.T.Wang & BingLiu,并绘出墨线图。此新组与钝裂银莲花组sect.Himalayicae同具以下形态特征:垂直的根状茎,丛生的基生叶,具1花的聚伞花序,条形花丝,具三沟的花粉粒,具小刺的覆盖层,钻形花柱,而与后者相近缘;但其总苞苞片分裂程度较大,3深裂或3全裂,每花只有3枚心皮,子房强烈两侧扁压,而与后者相区别;同时,根据上述进化特征可见新组比钝裂银莲花组演化水平高,可能自后者分化而出。小五台银莲花的分布区很小,只分布在河北小五台山的山涧口附近的一山谷中,显然是一狭域分布种;此外,再根据其上述进化形态特征,推测其可能是一新特有种。

In the present paper, a new sect. Leptothece W. T. Wang ＆ Bing Liu wih its only new species, Anemone xiaowutaishaniea W. T. Wang ＆ Bing Liu, of the genus Anemone is described and illustrated. In having vertical rhizome, rosulate leaves, 1-flowered cyme, sessile involucre bracts, linear stamen filaments, tricolpate pollen grains with spinulose tectum, and subulate styles, sect. Leptothece is related to sect. Himalayieae （Ulbr.） Juz. From the latter it differs in its 3-parted or 3-sect involucre bracts, 3 carpels per flower, and strongly bilaterally compressed ovary, and with these advanced characters it is remarkably more advanced than sect. Himalayicae, and might be derived from the latter. Anemone xiaowutaishanica with its small distribution area restricted to a valley in the Mt. Xiaowutai, Hebei Province, China is obviously a stenochoric species, and on the basis of its advanced morphological characters it may be regarded as a neoendemic.