麦积山石窟第4窟庑殿顶上方悬崖建筑遗迹新发现--附：麦积山中区悬崖坍塌3窟龛建筑遗迹初步清理

New Discoveries about Building Relics in the Cliff above Roof of the No.4 Cave at Maijishan,and Preliminary Exploration of Three Collapsed Caves in Middle Area of Maijishan Mount

2007年4～7月,麦积山石窟艺术研究所考古研究室对麦积山石窟第4窟庑殿顶上方悬崖建筑遗迹进行了初步探察,新发现了北周时期的桩孔及桩孔内部结构、南宋琉璃瓦、早期小石坐佛像、南宋墨书纪年题记、造像粘贴痕迹、泥塑字迹等,为麦积山石窟的北周建筑、早期历史、后代重修、南宋高僧的佛事活动以及南宋天水乡村基层"社"、"保"制度的研究提供了重要参考资料。同时还对麦积山中区悬崖坍塌3窟龛建筑遗迹进行了初步清理,发现了1组小龛双窟和1个三壁三龛式窟室残存,说明中区有可能主要为北朝稍晚期洞窟分布的区域,亦为麦积山石窟在悬崖上次第分布的开凿史研究提供了必要参考。

From April to July in 2007, Archaeology Division of the Maijishan Grottoes Art Research Institute explored the building relics in the cliff above the pitched roof of the No.4 Cave at Maijishan. Pile holes of Northern Zhou Period, seated Buddha of Northern Dynasties, glazed tiles and inscription of Southern Song, and relics of statues and handwritings were discovered in the cliff. These discoveries provide important information for the study of the early history about building and rebuilding of Maijishan Grottoes, the Buddhist ceremony held by famous monks in Southern Song, and the rural social system ＂She＂ and ＂Bao＂ in Southern Song in Tianshui area. Simultaneously, they explored three collapsed caves in middle area of Maijishan Mount. They discovered a complex cave which composed of a little niche and two caves, and a cave with three niches. These findings indicate that the area consists of caves cut after the Northern Dynasties. And the excavations provide necessary information to make clear the sequence that the caves cut in Maijishan.