纳洛酮与山莨菪碱对家兔SMAO休克疗效的实验研究

Experimental Research of Naloxone Versus Anisodamine Treating SMAO Shock in Rabbits

用国产纳洛酮治疗家兔ＳＭＡＯ休克，并与公认的抗休克疗效较为肯定的山莨菪碱进行对比．家兔２４只，随机分为３组即纳洛酮组、山莨菪碱组和对照组；观察ＭＡＰ，ＬＶＳＰ，ＬＶｄｐ／ｄｔｍａｘ，ＨＲ，血气，血浆酸性磷酸酶及血钙、血镁的变化；并观察至休克后４ｈ，记录存活率及总存活时间．结果，两治疗组与对照组比较，４ｈ存活率及总存活时间均显著提高；ＭＡＰ亦显著提高并维持在较高水平，纳洛酮的血压提高情况更优于山莨菪碱组；左室收缩力增强；心率减慢，代谢性酸中毒得到纠正；血中酸性磷酸酶无增多．此外，纳洛酮未显示山莨菪碱减轻低钙血及高镁血的作用．研究证明，对ＳＭＡＯ休克家兔，在提高存活率及总存活时间，维持血流动力学稳定，纠正酸中毒和保护溶酶体等方面，纳洛酮具有与山莨菪碱类似，甚至更好的抗休克作用．同时证明，纳洛酮在细胞内钙超负荷及镁外流的情况下，仍能发挥其抗休克作用．

Chinese made naloxone was used to treat the rabbits SMAO shock and its effect was compared with that of a definitely recognized drug, Anisodamine. 24 rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups, naloxone group, Anisodamine group and control group. Observation was made on the changes of MAP, LVSP, LVdp/dtmax, HR, blood gas, acid plasma phosphates, blood calcium and blood magnesium. The observation lasted, after the shock, four hours, during which the survival rate and total survival time were registered. As a result, 4 hour survival rate and total survival time were both conspicuously increased when the two treatment group were compared with the control group; MAP evidently went up and remained at a high level, with the blood pressure rising more favorably in naloxone group than in Anisodamine group; the contractility was reinforced in the left ventricle; the heart rate was reduced and metabolic acidosis was corrected; and there was no increase of acid phosphatase. In addition, naloxone exercised the same function as Anisodamine in reducing blood calcium and blood magnesium. The research proved that in the case of SMAO shock of a rabbit, naloxone could function as an anti shock drug, which is similar to or even better than Anisodamine in elevating survival rate and total survival time, in maintaining hemodynamic stability, in correcting acidosis and in protecting lysosome. It was also proved that naloxone could still perform its anti shock function even in the case of calcium influx and magnesium outflow.