昼夜工业噪声对大鼠胚胎发育的影响

Industrial Noise Effects on Rat Embryogenia

为了评价工业噪声对孕鼠的影响，选用体重（２５０±３０）ｇ的Ｗｉｓｔｅｒ成年雌鼠１０只，按２∶１雌雄合笼，次日清晨进行雌鼠阴道涂片检查，将确定受精的雌鼠随机分为噪声组和对照组．噪声组于孕期的第３～４ｄ，开始昼夜接触９８ｄＢ（Ａ）的稳态工业噪声连续９ｄ，妊娠第２０ｄ处死，剖腹取胎，记录胎鼠着床数、活胎数、死胎数、吸收胎数、黄体及胎鼠发育情况．除去鼠软组织后固定、染色、透明后进行骨骼检查，结果表明噪声组胎鼠吸收率为１２．９％，对照组为０％，两者有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）；噪声组胎鼠身长、尾长、体重均低于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）．噪声组骨化迟缓的发生率明显高于对照组，两者有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１），噪声组发现２例胎鼠枕骨缺失，对照组未发现．结果表明９８ｄＢ（Ａ）工业噪声对胚胎发育有毒性作用．

To evaluate the effect of industrial noise on pregnant rats, 10 mature female rats (Wistar, Wt.250+30 g) were chosen and kept in cages by a ratio of 2:1 with male rats. Vagina smear were made the next morning and the pregnance-confirmed females were randomly divided into 2 groups, exposure and control. The exposure group started to be exposed around the clock for 9 d on end to a stable 98 dB(A) industrial noise from the third of their pregnancy. They were killed on the 20th day of their pregnancy and cut open at the belly to take out the fetus, for which registered were the numbers of implantation, living fetus, dead fetus and absorbed fetus as well as the development of corpus luteum and fetus. Their soft tissue was eliminated, fixed, stained and made transparent for the examination of their skeleton. The results were shown as follows: The rate of absorbed fetus was 12 6 in exposure group and 0% in control group, revealing a significant difference (P<0 05); the body length, tail length and body weight were less in exposure group than in control group (P<0 01); the rate of delayed ossification was higher in exposure group than in control group, presenting a marked variance (P<0 01); and the lack of occipital bone was found in 2 exposed cases, but not in control group. All the above suggested that industrial noise was harmful for the fetus to develop.